Mantle plume - Wikipedia
A mantle plume is a proposed mechanism of convection within the Earth's mantle, hypothesized to explain anomalous volcanism. [2] Because the plume head partially melts on reaching shallow depths, a plume is often invoked as the cause of volcanic hotspots, such as Hawaii or Iceland, and large igneous provinces such as the Deccan and Siberian Traps.
Hot Spots - Education
Oct 19, 2023 · A hot spot is an area on Earth over a mantle plume or an area under the rocky outer layer of Earth, called the crust, where magma is hotter than surrounding magma. The magma plume causes melting and thinning of the rocky crust and widespread volcanic activity.
Mantle plumes and their role in Earth processes - Nature
May 25, 2021 · More than 18 mantle plumes appear to originate from the deepest regions in Earth’s mantle. Mantle plumes influence surface processes, including continental break-up and mass extinctions.
4.8: Hotspots and Mantle Plumes - Geosciences LibreTexts
Feb 15, 2021 · Hotspots and Mantle Plumes. A hotspot is a place in the upper mantle of the Earth at which extremely hot magma from the lower mantle upwells to melt through the crust usually in the interior of a tectonic plate to form a volcanic feature.
Mantle Plume - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
A mantle plume is a buoyant mass of material in the Earth's mantle that rises due to its buoyancy. It is associated with volcanic activity and can have a significant impact on the Earth's surface geology.
Earth’s mantle composition revealed by mantle plumes
Aug 29, 2023 · Mantle plumes originate at depths near the core−mantle boundary (~2,800 km). As such, they provide invaluable information about the composition of the deep mantle and insight into convection,...
The rise and fall of mantle plumes - Nature
May 27, 2020 · Mantle plumes give rise to some of the most volcanically active regions on Earth (such as Hawaii) and represent a key component of planetary dynamics. Deep-seated plumes are typically...
Deep mantle plumes feeding periodic alignments of …
5 days ago · Many questions remain about the physical mechanisms that couple the large-scale global mantle circulation and the motions of tectonic plates (), and in particular, about the role of deep mantle plumes in global dynamics, and their interaction with mesoscale circulation in the upper third of the mantle ().In the last decade, the advent of global scale whole mantle full …
Mantle Plumes - SpringerLink
Jan 1, 2014 · Mantle plumes can be defined as localized upwelling currents of solid rocks that are hotter, and thus less dense, than the surrounding mantle. Mantle Plumes, Figure 1. Seafloor topography from Smith and Sandwell (1997). Numbers indicate some ages (in Ma) along the Hawaiian-Emperor volcanic chain. Full size image.
Mantle plumes are a well-posed hypothesis for their formation. Starting plume heads provide an explanation of brief episodes of flood basalts, mafic intrusions, and radial dike swarms. Yet the essence of the hypothesis hides deep in the mantle. Tests independent of surface geology and geochemistry to date have been at best tantalizing.