Mahmud II (Ottoman Turkish: محمود ثانى, romanized: Maḥmûd-u s̠ânî, Turkish: II. Mahmud; 20 July 1785 – 1 July 1839) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1808 until his death in 1839.

Mahmud II (born July 20, 1785, Constantinople—died July 1, 1839, Constantinople) was an Ottoman sultan (1808–39) whose westernizing reforms helped to consolidate the Ottoman Empire despite defeats in wars and losses of territory.

MAHMUD II (1785–1839), Ottoman sultan (ruled 1808–1839). Mahmud II succeeded his brother Mustafa IV (r. 1807–1808), who had been enthroned by the leaders of a powerful coalition that eliminated the reform-minded sultan Selim III (r. 1789–1807).

Mahmud II was the 30th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire who became known as 'Peter the Great of Turkey' for undertaking massive administrative, military, and fiscal reforms. He came to power in 1808 amidst a tumultuous internal conflict and ruled until his death in 1839.

Mahmud II (Ottoman Turkish: محمود ثاني Mahmud-ı sānī) (July 20, 1785 – July 1, 1839) was the 30th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. He ruled from 1808 until his death.

Biography: Mahmud II was the 30th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. He ruled from 1808 when a rebellion placed him on the throne after deposing his predecessor, Mustafa IV, who had ordered the death of Mahmud II. His reign ended in 1839 with his death.

Mahmud II was the 30th sultan of the Ottoman Empire, reigning from 1808 to 1839, and is best known for his extensive reforms aimed at modernizing the empire and curtailing the power of traditional elites.

Sultan Mahmoud II was born in Istanbul in July 20, 1785. His father was Sultan Abdulhamid I and his mother was Naksidil Sultana. Mahmoud came to the throne in 1808, in his twenty fourth year. While heir presumptive, he had been carefully instructed by Sultan Selim III in those measures of reform necessary to save the empire from dissolution.

Mar 26, 2024 · He made a name for himself with the modernization movements he carried out among the Ottoman sultans and even ‘infidel sultan’ Known as Sultan II. Mahmud became the head of the state, which was in great political turmoil. Despite his young age, the sultan made great progress during his reign.

Sultan Mahmud II, the Empire’s 30 th ruler, was a major advocate of reform. Mahmud reigned from 1808-1839, at the time of his ascension to the throne, the Ottoman Empire had fallen into a period of decline.