Oct 15, 2015 · In this review, we explore the anatomy of horizontal and vertical saccades, discuss practical aspects of their examination, and review how saccadic abnormalities in hyperkinetic and hypokinetic movement disorders aid in diagnosis, with video demonstration of classic examples.

Saccades may be horizontal, vertical, or oblique [3]. They can be both voluntarily executed at will (e.g., skimming a text) or involuntary and reflexive (e.g., during the fast phase of nystagmus or rapid eye movement sleep) [4].

Aug 4, 2024 · Slowing of all horizontal saccades, combined with normal vertical saccades occurs in bilateral pontine lesions which affect the burst cells, such as pontine hemorrhage.

Dec 20, 2021 · An abnormal vertical and abnormal horizontal response can indicate either a problem with random automaticity of naming (given the ratio is within normal limits) or a problem with both random automaticity of naming and saccadic dysfunction (given the …

Oct 25, 2023 · Typical values for Vmax (for horizontal saccades) is between 700-980, K is between 20 and 35, and A is the amplitude of the saccade being modeled. (Gangemi et al, 1991)

In early stages of vertical supranuclear gaze paresis/palsy, before prominent gaze restriction, the disproportionally slowed vertical saccadic velocity (compared with horizontal) presents with the “round the houses” sign. Look for curvature in the trajectory of vertical or oblique saccades.

Dec 20, 2023 · The screen shot above shows mildly slowed horizontal saccades in a patient with Parkinsonism. The main sequence (bottom left) shows velocities below normal for all sizes of saccadic eye movements.

Reflexive saccades (“quick phases”) occur automatically to counteract the slow conjugate ocular drift in jerk nystagmus and as the rapid eye movements of sleep; these involuntary saccades are probably generated within the brainstem. How does it go wrong?

The present study shows that using eye-tracking technology to measure horizontal and vertical saccades is a simple, quick and accurate measure that is able to accurately differentiate between individuals with different levels of severity of TBI and those who have not sustained a TBI.

In this review, we explore the anatomy of horizontal and vertical saccades, discuss practical aspects of their examination, and review how saccadic abnormalities in hyperkinetic and hypokinetic movement disorders aid in diagnosis, with video demonstration of classic examples.