- Each soldier from the hastati and principes lines carried two javelins. This heavy javelin, known as a pilum (plural pila), was about two metres long overall, consisting of an iron shank, about 7 mm in diameter and 60 cm long, with pyramidal head, secured to a wooden shaft.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javelin
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Pilum - Wikipedia
The pilum was a javelin commonly used by the Roman army in ancient times. It was generally about 2 m (6 ft 7 in) long overall, consisting of an iron shank about 7 mm (0.28 in) in diameter and 600 mm (24 in) long with a pyramidal head, attached to a wooden shaft by either a socket or a flat tang. See more
The pilum may have originated from an Italic tribe known as the Samnites. It also may have been influenced by Celtiberian and Etruscan weapons. The pilum may have derived from a … See more
The Roman writer Vegetius, in his work De re militari, wrote:
As to the missile weapons of the infantry, they were javelins headed with a triangular sharp iron, eleven inches [279 mm] or a foot long, and were called piles. When once fixed in the … See more• Reconstruction of a post-Marian pilum
• A Roman coin showing an antoninianus of Carinus holding pilum and globe
• Close-up of re-enactment pila See moreLegionaries of the late Republic and early Empire often carried two pila, with one sometimes being lighter than the other. Standard tactics called for Roman soldiers to throw one of them … See more
Due in part to experimental archaeology, the design of the pilum is believed to have evolved to be armour-piercing; the pyramidal head would punch a small hole through an enemy shield, allowing the thin shank to pass through and penetrate far enough to wound … See more
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Roman Armor & Weapons - World History Encyclopedia
Pilum – Roman Spear | Roman Military Weapons - UNRV
The pilum (plural: pila) was a heavy Roman spear used by the Roman army from the 3rd century BC until the 3rd century AD. It was approximately seven feet in length, with a wooden shaft and an iron tip that had a sharp, hardened point at …
The Pilum (Spear) | Tools of War - Roman Military
The Javelin – A Complete Guide - Weapons From History
Collections: Roman Infantry Tactics: Why the Pilum and not a Spear?
Greek & Roman Mythology - Tools - University of Pennsylvania
Pilum - IMPERIUM ROMANUM
Pilum means “javelin”, in the plural pila. It was a legionary javelin used to throw at a distance before the fight. The weapon, most likely of Etruscan or Samnite origin, was refined and introduced into the regular Roman army.
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