Annealing occurs by the diffusion of atoms within a solid material, so that the material progresses towards its equilibrium state. Heat increases the rate of diffusion by providing the energy needed to break bonds. The … See more

The high temperature of annealing may result in oxidation of the metal's surface, resulting in scale. If scale must be avoided, annealing is carried out in a special See more

In the semiconductor industry, silicon wafers are annealed to repair atomic level disorder from steps like ion implantation. In the process step, dopant atoms, usually boron See more

• Annealing (glass)
• Annealing by short circuit
• Hollomon–Jaffe parameter
• Low hydrogen annealing
• Simulated annealing See more

Typically, large ovens are used for the annealing process. The inside of the oven is large enough to place the workpiece in a position to receive maximum exposure to the circulating … See more

Normalization
Normalization is an annealing process applied to ferrous alloys to give the material a uniform … See more

Resistive heating can be used to efficiently anneal copper wire; the heating system employs a controlled electrical short circuit. It can be advantageous because it does not require a temperature-regulated furnace like other methods of annealing.
The process … See more