In electrical engineering, four-terminal sensing (4T sensing), 4-wire sensing, or 4-point probes method is an electrical impedance measuring technique that uses separate pairs of current-carrying and voltage-sensing electrodes to make more accurate measurements

The primary technique for measuring sheet resistance is the four-probe method (also known as the Kelvin technique), which is performed using a four-point probe. A four-point probe consists of four equally spaced, co-linear electrical probes, as shown in the schematic below. A schematic diagram of a four-point probe.

A four point probe is a simple apparatus for measuring the resistivity of semiconductor samples. By passing a current through two outer probes and measuring the voltage through the inner probes allows the measurement of the substrate resistivity.

Jan 3, 2025 · A four point probe is typically used to measure the sheet resistance of a thin layer or substrate in units of ohms per square by forcing current through two outer probes and reading the voltage across the two inner probes.

Sheet resistance measurement software for the Ossila Four-Point Probe System. Quick and easy measurement of sheet resistance, resistivity, and conductivity of thin films. The spring-loaded, rounded contacts allow for high quality surface measurements without damaging delicate samples, making it ideal for characterizing nanometer-thin polymer films.

Jun 11, 2023 · The four-point probe technique utilizes four equidistant, linearly arranged metal probes to apply current and measure voltage. The outer probes (probes 1 and 4) inject a known constant current (I) into the material, while the inner probes (probes 2 and 3) measure the voltage drop (V) across the material.

The 4 point probe method is a relatively simple and robust method that allows you to measure the resistivity of thin films like our conductive coatings and conductive adhesives. Here, 4 parallel pins are lined up with 2 inner pins connected to a milli-ohmmeter and 2 outer pins connected to a …