Stress activates the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, which causes the release of glucocorticoids, a class of adrenal steroid hormones. Stress also activates the sympathetic nervous system and thereby, the release of the transmitters adrenaline and noradrenaline. Stress has a memory-modulatory e...

Our understanding of how stress affects primary school children's attention and learning has developed rapidly. We know that children experience differing levels of stressors (factors that cause stress) in their environments, and that this can influence how they respond to new stressors when they oc...

Stressful life events can have profound effects on our cognitive and motor abilities, from those that could be construed as adaptive to those not so. In this review, I discuss the general notion that acute stressful experience necessarily impairs our abilities to learn and remember. The effects of s...