GDNF increased claudin-5 expression via the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 and MAPK/ERK pathways. Meanwhile, GDNF promoted VE-cadherin expression by activating PI3K/AKT/ETS1 and MAPK/ERK/ETS1 signaling. The roles of ...
Have you ever rinsed a bunch of grapes or a head of lettuce in a colander? Turn on the faucet, let the water pour over the fruit or veggies, and watch the water come out of the little holes in the ...
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and dynamic ecosystem composed of tumor cells, immune cells, supporting cells, and the extracellular matrix. Typically, the TME is characterized by an ...
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