Piston rings look like simple pieces of metal. But they're the lifeblood of the ICE process, honed through decades of research. Piston rings are the reason internal combustion engines can exist.

One of the key areas for this artistry lies in the piston rings. Every engine needs the right ring gap, but it is more than just the gap itself; it must be square and clean to work properly.

A common ring generation geometry consists of a piston moving through tube that exits into a tank through a circular orifice in a normal wall. This paper investigates the effect of the vortex that ...