Our previous research demonstrates that the CD40 signaling is critically involved in microglia-related immune responses in the brain. For example, it is well known that the activation of the ...

The findings identify a novel non-synaptic signaling mechanism between the brain and peripheral sensory system important for migraine. They also suggest potential pharmacological targets for ...

That is notable, given that some earlier members of the CD40 class had serious safety issues that led to them being abandoned, particularly Biogen’s ruplizumab and Idec Pharma’s toralizumab ...

For instance, neurotransmitters are a class of short-range signaling molecules that travel across the tiny spaces between adjacent neurons or between neurons and muscle cells. Other signaling ...

Distorted functions of dendritic cells (DCs) have been implicated in aberrant intestinal inflammation, but the underlying ...

The signaling (or cueing) principle, refers to the finding that multimedia learning materials become more effective when cues are added that guide learners’ attention to the relevant elements of the ...

To examine the effect apigenin and luteolin had on microglial activation via CD40, we initially treated N9 microglia cells over a range of concentrations. Following FACS analysis, we found that ...