The adversary proceeding is meant to show that student loans have created an "undue hardship" for the debtor, and that there is no way they could ever pay the debt off. According to studentaid.gov ...

According to the U.S. Department of Education, to seek bankruptcy for a federal student loan requires initiating an “adversary proceeding” through bankruptcy court. To be eligible, you have to ...

Student loans are a type of installment loan ... you would have to file a separate action called an adversary proceeding. Through this action, you would aim to prove to the court that repayment ...