Petersburg is a city in Hale County, Texas, United States. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 1,014. Petersburg was founded in 189…Petersburg is a city in Hale County, Texas, United States. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 1,014. Petersburg was founded in 1891 as a post office in southeast Hale County. It was named for Zack Peters and his wife, Margaret, who was the first postmistress. In 1902, Ed M. White established a store at the site of the present community, and moved the post office 5 miles southwest into Hale County. Although the townsite was platted in 1909, its population remained below 100 until the Fort Worth and Denver Railway was built through town in 1928. Wheat and grain sorghum were the main crops in the area until cotton was first planted in 1905.