Cardenden is a Scottish town located on the south bank of the River Ore in the parish of Auchterderran, Fife. It is approximately four miles northwest of Kirkcaldy. Cardenden was named in 1848 by the Edinburgh and Northern Railway for its new railway station. A former mining town, Cardenden had a reported population of 448 in 1891 that had increased to 5,533 as of 2011.